On February 4, 1789, electors chose George Washington to be the first president of the United States. Washington's term, and those of the next 10 presidents, would prove to be a critical six decades in North American nation history.
Previously, states had governed a great deal like independent countries under the Articles of the Federation. But in 1787, delegates met in Philadelphia to discuss the need for a stronger, more cohesive national government. They devised a plan for a federal government and the first harmonic laws that would govern the nation. They ordered out this plan in the new Constitution of the U.S.A.
The Old Ironsides provided for a median government with three branches—legislative, judicial and executive. Sexual relation would lead the legislative branch, the Maximal Woo would spark advance the judicial branch, and the President would head the executive branch.
The nation's first presidents, from Washington to John Tyler, helped define the role of the presidential term and the executive branch in both domestic and foreign affairs. Their terms also proverb the emergence of tendencious political sympathies and the ii-party system that we recognize in Terra firma politics today. Infra are the nation's first 10 presidents, systematic, and what they accomplished in office.
George IV Washington
Term: 1789-1797, Party: none
During his two terms as president, the U.S. government was in its infancy, and George Washington was critical in directive the new political science through its organization. He oversaw the passages of the premier 10 amendments, called Bill of Rights, to the United States of America Constitution. He settled a cabinet of presidential advisors and appointed the first Maximum Court and district Court judges.
In foreign personal matters, Washington signed the Jay Pact in 1795. It was an effort to diffuse climb tensions over English military posts along America's Yankee and western sandwich borders and to prevent another costly war between the U.S. and Great Britain.
The Constitution did not place term limits connected the presidency, though Washington set the preceding for the ii-term limit we have today when atomic number 2 voluntarily stepped down after his second term.
Sentiment parties did non yet survive when Booker Taliaferro Washington was elected president. Over the course of his presidential term, however, Washington observed a growing partisan divide between federalist and opposed-federalist cabinet members. They quarreled on winder issues much as the establishment of a interior bank. He worried that party affiliations would scathe U.S. politics. In his farewell address, Washington cautioned against "the baneful effects of the Spirit of Company."
READ MORE: Research George Washington's life in our interactive timeline
Adams
Full term: 1797-1801, Party: Federalist
John Adams was the but Federalist president ever elected, and the first U.S. President to inhabit the E. B. White House. Adams' election noticeable the emergence of United States of America's first party system. In the election of 1796, Adams, a Federalist, defeated Thomas Jefferson, a Republican. As a federalist, Adams pet a loose interpretation of the Constitution with a strong federal government.
Adams wasn't bullied to make principled, still unpopular moves. Subsequently the Jay Treaty, the United States government faced naval belligerency from France. Though the Federalists loved declaring war on France, Adams brokered a peace deal that his party did non support. The make a motion equiprobable cost him reelection, but steered the U.S. away from yet another costly state of war it was unprepared to fight.
Dylan Marlais Thomas Jefferson
Term: 1801-1809, Party: Advocate-Republican River
Thomas Thomas Jefferson oversaw the acquirement of the Louisiana Purchase—a massive tract of overland between the MS River and the Rocky Mountains—during his first terminus in office. Purchased from France in 1803, the new farming doubled the size of the United States. Ulterior that yr, Jefferson sponsored the Lewis and Clark hostile expedition through the newly noninheritable western territory.
Much of Jefferson's ordinal term was busy trying to keep up neutrality between France and Dandy Britain and restrain the Coalesced States out of European wars.
James Madison
Term: 1809-1817, Political party: Democratic-Republican
The defining event of James Madison's presidency was the War of 1812. In response to British attempts to restrict U.S. trade and the Royal Nav's impressment of American seamen, President Madison signed a contract of war against UK on June 18, 1812.
The United States suffered many costly losses during the three-year battle, including the burning of the res publica's capital, Washington, D.C., in 1814. But there were some big victories too, including the Battle of New Orleans.
Monroe
Term: 1817-1825, Political party: Republican-Republican
James Monroe's presidency is often called the "era of good feelings." A newfound spirit of nationalism had swept the nation after successful campaigns away American troops to disgust superior British forces at New House of York, Baltimore and New Orleans during the War of 1812. After his election, Monroe embarked on a good will tour that strove to downplay partisan politics and focused instead on national unity.
In 1820, Monroe signed the Missouri Compromise, which paired entrance to the union of Missouri, a unfree state, with Maine, a free State Department, and blockaded slavery north and west of Missouri forever.
Monroe's notable 1823 address to congress, which became known As the James Monroe Doctrine, warned European powers that the United States would not tolerate further colonization in the Americas. This doctrine would become a groundwork of American foreign policy.
John Quincy Adams
Term: 1825-1829, Party: National Republican
Son of former U.S. President Adams, Lav Quincy Adams' presidency conspicuous a bring back to partisan political relation.
Quincy President John Adams won the election of 1824 by a combined-vote choice college margin complete Conflict of New Orleans war hero Andrew Thomas Jackson. The narrow victory caused a split in the Democrat-GOP (officially called the Republican Party) that President Adams couldn't overcome. He was a advocator of universal education and the development of humanities and sciences, though most of his view initiatives failing to find support in a bifurcate Copulation.
During his presidency, he did, all the same, supervise the completion of the Erie Canal—a 363-mile waterway that open much of the Midwestern United States to shipping.
Andrew Jackson
Term: 1829-1837, Party: Democrat
Andrew Jackson was the first "frontier president." Different previous presidents from wealthy, educated families, Old Hickory grew up in relative poverty in a log cabin in the Appalachian mountains of Tennessee. He had piddling formal training, but rose to national celebrity after in the lead the U.S. to triumph in the Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812.
Old Hickory is the founder of the modern-day Democratic Party. Aft a bitter loss to President John Quincy Adam in the 1824 presidential election, Jackson and his followers stone-broke by from the Republican Party and formed a unprecedented company called the Democrats. (Republicans who disliked Jackson began to call themselves Whigs.)
He was a polemical figure. He subsidized states' rights and slavery's expansion into new occidental territories. Saint Andrew the Apostle Jackson used the power of presidential veto much than any premature president. Atomic number 2 vetoed 12 bills, more than the first sixer presidents joint.
The simply major piece of legislation to pass during Helen Hunt Jackson's two terms was the Indian Removal Act up of 1830, which sceptered the federal government to forcibly slay Amerind tribes from existing states east of the Mississippi. The unmanageable and deadly journey that Native Americans were forced to demand is known Eastern Samoa the Trail of Tears.
Martin Van Buren
Term: 1837-1841, Party: Democrat
President Van Bure has the distinction of being the first U.S. chairman to be born an American citizen. All presidents before him had been born in colonial America, subjects of the British Treetop.
Avant-garde Buren's one-term presidency was marked by the business enterprise Panic of 1837, which resulted in a severe economic depression, the deepest in U.S. history to that point. Spell historians blame Andrew Jackson's stone-broke economic policies for starting the terror, the deepening financial crisis tainted Van Buren's popularity.
William Henry Sir Rex Harrison
Full term: 1841, Party: Whig
William Henry Harrison's presidency was the shortest in U.S. account—sporty 32 days. Atomic number 2 caught a cold on his inauguration Day, Exhibit 4, 1841. Harrison died of pneumonia a calendar month later, on April 4, 1841. He was the first U.S. president to die in office.
Tyler
Term: 1841-1845, Party: Whig
Vice President John Tyler became U.S. president upon Benjamin Harrison's death. He was the first base Vice President to succeed to the presidentship without election and the first U.S. chairperson to face impeachment.
Members of his own party attempted to impeach the president after helium vetoed two bills that would have fulfilled Harrison's campaign promises of establishing a central home banking concern. The impeachment was unsuccessful, though Tyler was expelled from the Whig Party.
Other John Roy Major events of Tyler's presidency included the annexation of TX and the Treaty of Wangxia, the first formal trade pact communicatory between the U.S. and China.
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Source: https://www.history.com/news/first-10-us-presidents
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